Leccinum variicolor Watling + Betula

– Item listing –

– Enlarged view –

Literature

references
  Müller W, Agerer R (1990) Studien an Ektomykorrhizen XXIX. Drei Mykorrhizen aus der Leccinum-scabrum-Gruppe. Nova Hedwigia 51: 381-410.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
or    monopodial-pyramidal
or    coralloid
or    braid-like
ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
main axis diameter
0.4 mm    Mean (= average)
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
rhizomorphs presence
  present
rhizomorphs frequency
  abundant
exploration type
  long distance
Morphology of the unramified ends
shape
  bent
or    tortuous
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.3 mm    Mean (= average)
colour
  dark brown
or    brown
or    ochre, yellowish brown
or    red
or    blue
mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  not transparent
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  silvery
or    not smooth
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely cottony
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
emanating hyphae distribution
  not specifically distributed
Morphology of rhizomorphs
diameter
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cross-section shape
  round or roundish
colour
  blue
or    green
or    white
ramification kind-frequency
  frequently, at restricted points
connection to mantle kind
  distinct
margin habit
  hairy
dimorphism presence
  absent
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    cystidia
emanating elements cystidia location
  on outer mantle layer
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  plectenchymatous
mantle type
  ring-like arrangement of hyphal bundles (type A)
hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  ca. 90°
and    ca. 120°
septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  as thick as walls
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell diameter
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall thickness
0.2 µm    Mean (= average)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
and    rough
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, ring-like
cell pigment location-colour
  colourless
cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell wall thickness
0.2 µm    Mean (= average)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous with pseudoparenchymatous nests of cells
hyphae arrangement
  ring-like
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented obliquely
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
12 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
50 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
75 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  paraepidermal
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
13 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  beaded
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section
mantle different layers presence
  discernible
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in cross-section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in cross-section
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle cross-section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
50 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
70 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in cross-section
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  beaded
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
13 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle cross-section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
intrahyphal hyphae presence
  absent
backwards-oriented clamps presence
  absent
anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
Anatomy of cystidia

Anatomy of cystidia (type 1)
type
  as acanthocystidia (type P)

Anatomy of emanating hyphae
shape
  not striking
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
kind
  approximately 90°
or    Y-shaped
side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum
or    two true (at one height) side-branches at septum

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  absent
clamps hole presence
  absent
clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
  absent


Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  even
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
or    rough of warts
or    without lens-shaped appositions
or    without spindle-shaped appositions
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface structures shape
  hemispherical warts


Anatomy of rhizomorphs
type
  highly differentiated; thick hyphae forming mostly a core, septa often partially or completely dissolved
(type F)
nodia presence
  present
internal nodia presence
  absent
gelatinous matrix presence
  absent
gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
cup-like structures on surface presence
  absent
conical young side-branches presence
  present
a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  present
{of ectomycorrhiza former} abundance
  occasionally present
shape
  as normal hyphae
or    globular
Anatomy of nuclei
number {per cell}
2     Mean (= average)
shape
  round
diameter
1.5 µm    Mean (= average)
length
1.5 µm    Mean (= average)

Autofluorescence

whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent
mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  absent
mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

reaction with acid fuchsin presence
  present
reaction with anilin presence
  absent
reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence
  present
reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  absent
reaction with FeSO4 presence
  present
reaction with formol 40% presence
  absent
reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
amyloidity haustoria presence
  absent
reaction with phenole presence
  absent
reaction with phenole-aniline presence
  absent
reaction with ruthenium-red presence
  absent
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present

Ecology

substrate
  below mosses
geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

plant family
  Betulaceae
plant genus
  Betula
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Boletaceae
subfamily
  Boletaceae subf. Boletoideae
fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-porioid

Remarks

public notes
  Mycorrhizal systems densely enveloped by a web of hyphae; mycorrhizal ends often hook-like, ochre, red-brown to dark brown, in water darker with a bluish tint, very tips can be darker than remaining parts; rhizomorphs dark green-blue where injured; mantle surface with acanthohyphae; Hartig net in section with inflated, beaded cells up to 13 um in diam.; mantle in sulfo-vanillin slightly reddish, in FeSO4 slightly darker, in brillant-cresyl-blue blue, in acid fuchsin red.

– Item listing –