Tomentella ferruginea (Pers.) Pat. + Fagus

– Item listing –

– Enlarged view –

Literature

references
  Raidl S (1998) Tomentella ferruginea. In Agerer R (ed) Colour Atlas of Ectomycorrhizae, plate 137, Einhorn-Verlag, Schwäbisch.
Gmünd.
Raidl S, Müller WR (1996) Tomentella ferruginea (Pers.) Pat. + Fagus sylvatica L. Descr Ectomyc 1: 161-166.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
16 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
or    monopodial-pyramidal
ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
abundance
  solitary or in small numbers
main axis diameter
0.25 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
rhizomorphs presence
  present
rhizomorphs frequency
  infrequent
Morphology of the unramified ends
shape
  straight
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  black
or    dark brown
very tip colour
  dark brown
older parts colour
  black
or    dark brown
mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  not transparent
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  shiny
or    not smooth
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely grainy or warty
or    densely woolly
or    densely cottony
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
emanating hyphae distribution
  concentrated proximally
Morphology of rhizomorphs
diameter
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.08 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cross-section shape
  round or roundish
colour
  black
or    dark brown
ramification kind-frequency
  infrequently, at restricted points
origin location
  proximal
margin habit
  smooth
dimorphism presence
  absent
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
crystals presence
  present
crystals location
  emanating hyphae
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
matrix presence
  present
matrix location
  outer mantle layer {apart from tip}
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  plectenchymatous
mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
matrix kind
  not gelatinous
hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
and    cylindric, constricted at septa
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
and    membranaceously brownish
cell contents presence-kind
  oily droplets, which do not stain in sulpho-vanillin
cell diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value
cell length
10 µm    Minimum value
12 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Maximum value
cell wall thickness
0.2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall surface habit
  with few soil particles
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
or    membranaceously brownish
cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Maximum value
cell length
6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall thickness
0.2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
15 µm    Minimum value
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Maximum value
mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
0 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value
inner mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
13 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  periepidermal
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
lobes width
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
intrahyphal hyphae presence
  present
backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  absent
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
shape
  not striking
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously brownish
or    membranaceously yellowish
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
kind
  approximately 90°
distance {from septum}
  one or two hyphal diam. below the septum
side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  present
clamps width {relative to hypha in dorsal view}
  thinner than
clamps outline {in lateral view}
  less than a semicircle
or    not constricted at contact point to subtending hyphal cell
clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
  thinner than
clamps hole presence
  absent
clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
  absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
abundance
  abundant
distribution
  evenly distributed
or    partially crowded

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
3.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  rough of warts
or    with crystals
or    without lens-shaped appositions
or    without spindle-shaped appositions
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
  even in thickness

Anatomy of the crystals occouring in emanating hyphae
presence shape
  needle-like
orientation
  irregularly
length
5 µm    Mean (= average)
7 µm    Maximum value

Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
presence
  present
Anatomy of rhizomorphs
type
  slightly differentiated; central hyphae somewhat enlarged
(type C)
internal nodia presence
  absent
gelatinous matrix presence
  absent
gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
conical young side-branches presence
  present
a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  absent

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent
Anatomy of nuclei
number {per cell}
2     Mean (= average)
shape
  round
diameter
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
length
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
distance {between each other}
0 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Autofluorescence

whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent
mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present
mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present
mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  present

Chemical reactions

reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  absent
reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  absent
reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
reaction with formol 40% presence
  absent
reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  present
reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
reaction with phenole presence
  absent
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  absent
reaction with toluidin blue presence
  absent

Ecology

geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

plant family
  Fagaceae
plant genus
  Fagus
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Thelephoraceae ss. Stalpers. excl. Tylospora
fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    corticioid

DNA-Analysis

PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bands number
3     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 1. band from below number
33     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
36     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 2. band from below number
68     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
79     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 3. band from below number
100     Mean (= average)

Remarks

public notes
  Autofluorescence of mantle in section with UV-filter slightly bluish, with blue-filter slightly yellow, with green-filter slightly reddish; in KOH parts of mantle and rhizomorphs green to bluish green.

– Item listing –