Scleroderma bovista Fr. + Populus

– Item listing –

Literature

references
  Jakucs E, Agerer R (1999) Scleroderma bovista Fr. + Populus alba L. Descr Ectomyc 4: 121-126.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
12 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate [irregularly monopodial-pinnate to pyramidal]
or    monopodial-pyramidal [irregularly monopodial-pinnate to pyramidal]
tips {per 10 mm} number
  unknown
ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
abundance
  unknown
main axis diameter
0.5 mm    Mean (= average)
taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  unknown
rhizomorphs presence
  present
rhizomorphs frequency
  infrequent
exploration type
  long distance
Morphology of the unramified ends
mantle hydrophobicity presence
  present
shape
  straight
or    bent
or    tortuous [slightly]
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
or    inflated, club-shaped
or    tapering
length
1 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
4 mm    Maximum value
diameter
0.3 mm    Mean (= average)
colour
  white
very tip colour
  unknown
older parts colour
  unknown
mantle cortical cells visibility
  visible [at tips somewhat translucent so that root cells are visible]
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  semi-transparent, opaque [at tips somewhat translucent so that root cells are visible]
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  not applicable
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} colour-habit
  not applicable
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  silvery
or    not smooth
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  loosely cottony
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  abundant
emanating hyphae distribution
  unknown
Morphology of rhizomorphs
diameter
0.05 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.2 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cross-section shape
  round or roundish
colour
  concolourous to mantle
or    white
ramification kind-frequency
  frequently, at restricted points
connection to mantle kind
  distinct
origin location
  unknown
margin habit
  smooth [thick rhizomorphs]
or    hairy [near the mantle]
dimorphism presence
  absent
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  rhizomorphs
or    emanating hyphae
emanating elements cystidia location
  not applicable
crystals presence
  absent
crystals location
  not applicable
blue granules presence
  absent
blue granules location
  not applicable
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
location
  not applicable
shape
  not applicable
ramification presence-abundance
  not applicable
septa presence
  not applicable
contents colour
  not applicable
cell length
  not applicable
cell diameter
  not applicable
cell wall thickness
  not applicable
Anatomical features of the mantle
completeness
  complete
matrix presence
  unknown
matrix location
  unknown
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  plectenchymatous
mantle type
  ring-like arrangement of hyphal bundles (type A) [at some places between hyphae with patches of pseudoparenchymatous cells uneven in size]
hyphal net cells shape
  not specialized
hyphal net cells diameter
  not applicable
hyphal net cell walls habit
  not applicable
mound cells diameter
  not applicable
matrix kind
  unknown
hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
hyphae arrangement
  not applicable
hyphae short protrusions presence
  unknown
hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  unknown
pores between cells presence
  not applicable
pores between cells abundance
  not applicable
hyphae hyphal junctions angle {between}
  unknown
septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  as thick as walls
septa clamps presence
  unknown
septa clamps abundance
  unknown
cell shape
  cylindric, constricted at septa
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
100 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell density
  not applicable
cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Mean (= average)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
cell wall projections presence
  not applicable
cell wall projections abundance
  not applicable
cell wall projections shape
  not applicable
crystals diameter
  not applicable
crystals length
  not applicable
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
blue granules location
  not applicable
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
matrix kind
  unknown
hyphae arrangement
  unknown
cell shape
  not applicable
cell pigment location-colour
  colourless
cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
12 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
80 µm    Maximum value
cell density
  not applicable
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell wall thickness
  unknown
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
crystals diameter
  not applicable
crystals length
  not applicable
cell blue granules location
  not applicable
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
matrix kind
  unknown
hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
cell shape
  not applicable
septa thickness
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  unknown
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell diameter
6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
14 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell density
  not applicable
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell blue granules location
  not applicable
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Maximum value
mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
calyptra cell remnants presence
  present
calyptra cell remnants type
  in one row
or    close to root cells
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Maximum value
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length
  not applicable
unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter
  not applicable
laticifers diameter
  not applicable

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent
rows number
  not applicable
shape
  not applicable
tangentially length
  not applicable
radially diameter
  not applicable
mean tangenial length TCt
  not applicable
mean shape-ratio TCq
  not applicable

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  rectangular
or    round
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
20 µm    Minimum value
24 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
45 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
15 µm    Minimum value
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
45 µm    Maximum value
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
28.6 µm    Mean (= average)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
0.92     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  paraepidermal [one or half a row of epidermal cells with HN]
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
  not applicable
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells thickness
  not applicable
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  not applicable
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
lobes width
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
intrahyphal hyphae presence
  absent
intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  not applicable
septal pores configuration
  unknown
backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  present
backwards-oriented clamps presence
  absent
anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
anastomoses surface habit
  smooth
anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  unknown
anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  thinner
anastomoses location
  not specified
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
shape
  straight
cell pigment location-colour
  unknown
pigment presence-distribution
  unknown
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
kind
  approximately 90°
or    Y-shaped
distance {from septum}
  one or two hyphal diam. below the septum
side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum
or    two true (at one height) side-branches at septum [infrequently]
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch}
  unknown

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  present
clamps surface kind
  smooth
clamps outline {in dorsal view}
  oval
clamps width {relative to hypha in dorsal view}
  unknown
clamps outline {in lateral view}
  as a semicircle
clamps width {relative to hypha in lateral view}
  as broad as
clamps hole presence
  absent
clamps blister-like structure {at basis} presence
  absent

Anatomy of secondary septa of emanating hyphae
presence
  absent
abundance
  not applicable
distribution
  not applicable

Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  simple
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
12 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
100 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface structures shape
  not applicable
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Mean (= average)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall layers number
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  as thick as
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
  even in thickness

Anatomy of the crystals occouring in emanating hyphae
presence shape
  not applicable
orientation
  not applicable
diameter
  not applicable
length
  not applicable

Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
presence
  not applicable
length
  not applicable
Anatomy of rhizomorphs
type
  highly differentiated; thick hyphae forming mostly a core, septa often partially or completely dissolved
(type F)
nodia presence
  present
internal nodia presence
  absent
gelatinous matrix presence
  unknown
gelatinized hyphae presence
  absent
cup-like structures on surface presence
  unknown
conical young side-branches presence
  unknown
a "ball" of intertwined, ramified, thin hyphae presence
  unknown
blue granules location
  not applicable

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  clamps only on leading hyphae
contents presence-kind
  absent
ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
ampullate inflations thickness
  not applicable
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  clamps only on leading hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate inflations thickness
  not applicable
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  clamps only on leading hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate inflations thickness
  not applicable
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  clamps only on leading hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate inflations thickness
  not applicable
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs clamps presence
  clamps only on leading hyphae
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate, trumpet-like inflated presence
  absent
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae ampullate inflations thickness
  not applicable
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{of ectomycorrhiza former} abundance
  not applicable
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} presence
  unknown
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} abundance
  unknown
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} formed in fungal genus
  unknown
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent
{of foreign origin} frequency
  not applicable
{of foreign origin} formed by genus
  not applicable
shape
  not applicable
diameter
  not applicable
Anatomy of nuclei
number {per cell}
  unknown
shape
  unknown
diameter
  unknown
length
  unknown
distance {between each other}
  unknown
Anatomy of siderophilous granulations
presence
  unknown
frequency
  unknown
arrangement
  unknown
diameter
  unknown
Ultrastructure
septal pores type
  unknown
Woronin bodies shape
  not applicable
hyphae warts shape
  not applicable
mantle matrix presence-kind
  unknown

Autofluorescence

whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent
mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present [light blue]
mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present [yellowish]
mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  present [lightly reddish]

Chemical reactions

reaction with acid fuchsin presence
  unknown
reaction with anilin presence
  unknown
reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence
  unknown
reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  unknown
reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  unknown
reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
reaction with formol 40% presence
  unknown
reaction with guaiac presence
  unknown
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
amyloidity or dextrinoidity location
  not applicable
amyloidity haustoria presence
  not applicable
reaction with phenole presence
  unknown
reaction with phenole-aniline presence
  unknown
reaction with ruthenium-red presence
  unknown
reaction with sudan III presence
  unknown
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  absent
reaction with toluidin blue presence
  unknown
reaction with water presence
  unknown

Ecology

substrate
  in organically enriched mineral horizon
{occurence in} humus type
  unknown
soil pH
  unknown
geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown ['9001' added to avoid duplicates!]#OCCURS TWICE IN SAME CHARACTER: PLEASE CORRECT DEFINITION!#

Tree

plant family
  Salicaceae
plant genus
  Populus

Fungus

family
  Sclerodermataceae
fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    gastroid

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