Lactarius lepidotus Smith & Hesler + Alnus

– Item listing –

Literature

references
  Wiedmer E, Senn-Irlet B (2004) Lactarius lepidotus Smith & Hesler + Alnus viridis (Chaix) DC. Descr Ectomyc 7/8: 45-48.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification presence-type
  absent
or    monopodial-pinnate [mostly simple]
tips {per 10 mm} number
1     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
abundance
  abundant, dense
main axis diameter
0.4 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.6 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
rhizomorphs presence
  absent
exploration type
  contact
Morphology of the unramified ends
mantle hydrophobicity presence
  absent
shape
  straight
or    bent
or    tortuous
shape {of distal end}
  tapering
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.35 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  yellowish [pale yellow]
very tip colour
  yellowish [pale yellow]
after injury colour
  unchanged
older parts colour
  brownish
or    ochre, yellowish brown
mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  not transparent
mantle laticifers visibility
  unknown
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  unknown
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} colour-habit
  unknown
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  shiny
or    smooth
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  not applicable
emanating hyphae presence
  absent
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  absent
crystals presence
  absent
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  present
location
  inner mantle layer
shape
  worm-like, uneven
ramification presence-abundance
  infrequent
septa presence
  present [infrequently]
contents colour
  colourless
cell length
  unknown
cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall thickness
  unknown
anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
completeness
  complete
matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
  epidermoid, puzzle-like, jig-saw-shaped
mantle type
  epidermoid cells bearing a hyphal net (type Q)
hyphal net cells shape
  with ring- or star-like structures
hyphal net cells diameter
2.5 µm    Minimum value
3.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Maximum value
hyphal net cell walls habit
  distinct, rather thick
hyphal net clamps presence
  absent
hyphae arrangement
  not specific
hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  unknown
pores between cells presence
  unknown
pores between cells abundance
  unknown
septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  variable
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell diameter
4 µm    Minimum value
6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Maximum value
cell length
4 µm    Minimum value
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
45 µm    Maximum value
cell density
5     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
12     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall thickness
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Maximum value
cell wall with globular thickenings
  absent
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
cell wall projections presence
  present
cell wall projections abundance
  unknown
cell wall projections shape
  even in thickness
and    thicker at distal end
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
presence
  present
organisation
  plectenchymatous [transitional to pseudoparenchymatous]
hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
cell pigment location-colour
  unknown
cell diameter
3 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
8 µm    Maximum value
cell length
  unknown
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell wall thickness
  unknown
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous [loosely]
hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
septa thickness
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Maximum value
cell length
  unknown
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
20 µm    Minimum value
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
80 µm    Maximum value
mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
65 µm    Maximum value
calyptra cell remnants presence
  unknown
calyptra cell remnants type
  unknown
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2.5 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Maximum value
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer presence
  present
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
4 µm    Minimum value
6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Maximum value
middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Maximum value
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3 µm    Minimum value
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Maximum value
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Maximum value
laticifers diameter
  unknown

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
10 µm    Minimum value
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
45 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
10 µm    Minimum value
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
35 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
29.7 µm    Mean (= average)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
1.2     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  paraepidermal
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
  unknown
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
lobes width
2.5 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Maximum value
lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae


Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  absent




Anatomy of rhizomorphs

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present [laticifers turn dark blue]
reaction with toluidin blue presence
  absent

Ecology

substrate
  in organic layer
geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

plant family
  Betulaceae
plant genus
  Alnus
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Russulaceae
fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

– Item listing –