Tylospora asterophora (Bon.) Donk + Picea

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Literature

references
  Eberhardt U, Walter L, Kottke I (1999) Molecular and morphological discrimination between Tylospora fibrillosa and Tylospora asterophora mycorrhizae. Can J Bot 77: 11-21.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
or    monopodial-pyramidal
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
rhizomorphs presence
  absent
exploration type
  short distance
Morphology of the unramified ends
mantle hydrophobicity presence
  absent
shape
  straight
or    bent
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
colour
  brownish [light brown]
very tip colour
  white
after injury colour
  unchanged
older parts colour
  brown [dark coloured]
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent [often showing a grainy pattern of lighter and darker elongated spots (comment: tannin cells shining through?)]
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  shiny
or    smooth
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  infrequent
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  emanating hyphae
crystals presence
  absent
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
completeness
  complete
matrix presence
  present
matrix location
  outer mantle layer {apart from tip}
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  plectenchymatous
mantle type
  gelatinous matrix between the hyphae (type C)
clavate end cell cover presence
  absent
hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell shape
  completely irregularly shaped
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
presence
  present
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
cell pigment location-colour
  colourless
cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  with broad streaks of parallel hyphae
hyphae vessel-like presence
  absent
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
mantle different layers presence
  not discernable
unlayered mantle organization
  plectenchymatous

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  present


Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  protruding towards endodermis
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around tannin cells shape
  roundish
or    cylindrical
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around tannin cells number
  one
or    two
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
or    cylindrical
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
or    closed by a simple septum, with a long bridge
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
presence
  present

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  present


Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  even
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
2.5 µm    Minimum value
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5.5 µm    Maximum value
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  rough of warts
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface structures shape
  hemispherical warts
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Maximum value


Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
presence
  present
Anatomy of rhizomorphs

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

chemical reaction with neofuchsin crystal violet
  violet

Ecology

geographic occurrence continent
  Europe
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

plant family
  Pinaceae
plant genus
  Picea
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Atheliaceae ("Corticiaceae")
fruitbodies growth habit
  corticioid

DNA-Analysis

PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bands number
3     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 1. band from below number
240     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 2. band from below number
219     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 3. band from below number
80     Mean (= average)

Remarks

public notes
  MboI: 397bp, 213bp; CfoI; 332 bp, 149 bp, 110bp;

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