Alnirhiza tenuihyphata + Alnus

– Item listing –

Literature

references
  Pritsch K, Becerra A, Pölme S, Tedersoo L, Schloter M, Agerer R (2010) Description and identification of Alnus acuminata ectomycorrhizae from Argentinean alder stands. Mycologia 102(6): 1263-1273 [In Pritsch et al. (2010) as Russula sp.]

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification presence-type
  absent
or    monopodial-pinnate [irregularly]
ramification orders
0     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
abundance
  solitary or in small numbers
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
rhizomorphs presence
  absent
exploration type
  short distance
Morphology of the unramified ends
shape
  straight
or    sinuous
shape {of distal end}
  tapering
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Mean (= average)
colour
  ochre, yellowish brown
older parts colour
  brown
mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  not transparent
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  not smooth
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  densely long-spiny
or    loosely long-spiny
emanating hyphae presence
  present
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  emanating hyphae
crystals presence
  absent
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
completeness
  complete
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  plectenchymatous
mantle type
  hyphae rather irregularly arranged and no special pattern discernible (type B)
hyphal net cells shape
  not applicable
hyphal net cells diameter
  not applicable
hyphal net cells length
  not applicable
hyphal net cell walls habit
  not applicable
hyphal net cell walls thickness
  not applicable
hyphal net clamps presence
  not applicable
clavate end cell cover presence
  absent
hyphal system kind
  undifferentiated
hyphae short protrusions presence
  absent
septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  as thick as walls
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell shape
  cylindric, not constricted at septa
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
cell diameter
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
and    with few soil particles
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
presence
  present
organisation
  plectenchymatous
hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, with broad streaks of parallel hyphae
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
or    pseudoparenchymatous [transitional]
hyphae vessel-like presence
  absent
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
25 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
75 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
middle mantle layer presence
  present
middle mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
inner mantle layer organisation
  plectenchymatous
or    pseudoparenchymatous [transitional]
inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
3.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
2.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  rectangular
or    tangentially-oval to -elliptic or -cylindrical, and oriented in parallel to root axis
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
24 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
38 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
12 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  paraepidermal
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
lobes width
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
intrahyphal hyphae presence
  absent
intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  absent
backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  absent
backwards-oriented clamps presence
  present
anastomoses type
  open, with a long bridge
anastomoses surface habit
  smooth
anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  as thick as
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
shape
  straight
or    wavy
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
kind
  Y-shaped
distance {from septum}
  in considerable distance from the septum
side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  absent


Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  simple
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
85 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
or    with soil particles
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)


Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
presence
  absent
Anatomy of rhizomorphs

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Chemical reactions

reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present [emanating hyphae slightly blue]
reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  absent
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  present [whole mycorrhiza bleaching]
reaction with lactic acid presence
  present [whole mycorrhiza bleaching]
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  amyloid
amyloidity or dextrinoidity location
  septa, globular thickenings of septa
reaction with NH4OH
  absent
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present [whole mycorrhiza bleaching; Hartig net pink]

Ecology

geographic occurrence continent
  South America

Tree

plant family
  Betulaceae
plant genus
  Alnus

Fungus

family
  Russulaceae [more likely a Thelephorceae, in spite of sequence results that affiliate this mycorrhiza to the genus Russula]

– Item listing –