Russula nothofaginea Sing. + Nothofagus

– Item listing –

Literature

references
  Beenken L (2001) Russula nothofaginea Sing. + Nothofagus dombeyi (Mirbel) Oersted. Descr Ectomyc 5: 175-179.
Beenken L (2004) Die Gattung Russula. Untersuchungen zu ihrer Systematik anhand von Ektomykorrhizen. Dissertation, Universität München. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/archive/00003175/01/Beenken_Ludwig.pdf

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
or    monopodial-pyramidal
tips {per 10 mm} number
  unknown
ramification orders
  unknown
abundance
  solitary or in small numbers
main axis diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Maximum value
taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
rhizomorphs presence
  absent
exploration type
  contact
Morphology of the unramified ends
mantle hydrophobicity presence
  absent
shape
  straight
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  orange
very tip colour
  unknown
after injury colour
  unknown
older parts colour
  unknown
mantle cortical cells visibility
  unknown
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  unknown
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  smooth
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  infrequent
emanating hyphae distribution
  unknown
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  emanating hyphae
emanating elements cystidia location
  not applicable
crystals presence
  absent
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  present
Anatomical features of the mantle
completeness
  complete
matrix presence
  present
matrix location
  surface net
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
  epidermoid, puzzle-like, jig-saw-shaped
mantle type
  epidermoid cells bearing a hyphal net (type Q)
hyphal net cells shape
  not specialized
hyphal net cells diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
hyphal net cell walls habit
  faint, delicate, inconspicuous, rather thin
and    distinct, rather thick
hyphal net clamps presence
  absent
clavate end cell cover presence
  absent
matrix kind
  gelatinous
hyphae arrangement
  unknown
hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  present
pores between cells presence
  unknown
pores between cells abundance
  unknown
septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
cell contents presence-kind
  droplets, that stain in sulpho-vanillin
cell diameter
3 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
9 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall thickness
  unknown
cell wall with globular thickenings
  absent
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
cell wall projections presence
  unknown
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
presence
  present
organisation
  plectenchymatous [inner portions]
or    pseudoparenchymatous [outer portions]
matrix kind
  not applicable
hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
cell shape
  epidermoid
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell density
  unknown
cell contents presence-kind
  droplets, that stain in sulpho-vanillin
cell wall thickness
  unknown
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous [densely]
matrix kind
  unknown
hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
hyphae vessel-like presence
  absent
septa thickness
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  epimembranaceously yellowish
cell diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell length
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell contents presence-kind
  unknown
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
calyptra cell remnants presence
  present
calyptra cell remnants type
  unknown
mantle different layers presence
  not discernable
unlayered mantle organization
  unknown
unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
22 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
50 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  paraepidermal
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  cylindrical
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type [irregularly lobed]
lobes width
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  absent
backwards-oriented clamps presence
  absent
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
shape
  straight
cell pigment location-colour
  absent
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent


Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  absent


Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.3 µm    Mean (= average)
0.3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)


Anatomy of rhizomorphs

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  blue, bluish
whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  blue, bluish
mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present [yellow-green througout]
mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present [yellow throughout]
mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  present [red throughout]

Chemical reactions

reaction with acid fuchsin presence
  present [walls slightly pink]
reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present [walls blue]
reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  present [droplets dissolving]
reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
reaction with lactic acid presence
  present [droplets dissolving]
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present [walls pink, contents of mantle cells with droplets becoming black]

Ecology

substrate
  in decaying wood
geographic occurrence continent
  South America
knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

plant family
  Fagaceae
plant genus
  Nothofagus
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Russulaceae
fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

DNA-Analysis

PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bands number
1     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 1. band from below number
490     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bands number
3     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 1. band from below number
320     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 2. band from below number
200     Mean (= average)
PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 3. band from below number
175     Mean (= average)

Remarks

public notes
  EcoRI: 420 bp, 310 bp; TaqI: 390 bp, 260 bp

– Item listing –