Russula nothofaginea Sing. + Nothofagus

– Item listing –

Literature

• references
  Beenken L (2001) Russula nothofaginea Sing. + Nothofagus dombeyi (Mirbel) Oersted. Descr Ectomyc 5: 175-179.
Beenken L (2004) Die Gattung Russula. Untersuchungen zu ihrer Systematik anhand von Ektomykorrhizen. Dissertation, Universität München. http://edoc.ub.uni-muenchen.de/archive/00003175/01/Beenken_Ludwig.pdf

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
or    monopodial-pyramidal
• tips {per 10 mm} number
  unknown
• ramification orders
  unknown
• abundance
  solitary or in small numbers
• main axis diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.4 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Maximum value
• taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
• rhizomorphs as stout, short, conical structures presence-abundance
  absent
• rhizomorphs as short mycorrhiza-like outgrowths with blunt tips presence
  absent
• rhizomorphs presence
  absent
• exploration type
  contact
Morphology of the unramified ends
• mantle hydrophobicity presence
  absent
• shape
  straight
• shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
• length
0 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• colour
  orange
• very tip colour
  unknown
• after injury colour
  unknown
• older parts colour
  unknown
• mantle cortical cells visibility
  unknown
• mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
• mantle transparency
  unknown
• mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
• mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
• mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
• mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
• mantle surface {in general} habit
  smooth
• emanating hyphae presence
  present
• emanating hyphae abundance
  infrequent
• emanating hyphae distribution
  unknown
Morphology of sclerotia
• presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
• emanating elements presence-type
  emanating hyphae
• emanating elements cystidia location
  not applicable
• crystals presence
  absent
• blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
• presence
  absent
• anatomy entire mycorrhiza laticiferous solitary (gloeoplerous) cells presence
  present
Anatomical features of the mantle
• completeness
  complete
• matrix presence
  present
• matrix location
  surface net
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
• organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
• organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
  epidermoid, puzzle-like, jig-saw-shaped
• mantle type
  epidermoid cells bearing a hyphal net (type Q)
• hyphal net cells shape
  not specialized
• hyphal net cells diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
6 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• hyphal net cell walls habit
  faint, delicate, inconspicuous, rather thin
and    distinct, rather thick
• hyphal net clamps presence
  absent
• clavate end cell cover presence
  absent
• matrix kind
  gelatinous
• hyphae arrangement
  unknown
• hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  present
• pores between cells presence
  unknown
• pores between cells abundance
  unknown
• septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  unknown
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• cell contents presence-kind
  droplets, that stain in sulpho-vanillin
• cell diameter
3 µm    Minimum value
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
9 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
30 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell wall thickness
  unknown
• cell wall with globular thickenings
  absent
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• cell wall projections presence
  unknown
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
• roundish plasmatically yellow cells presence
  absent
• pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
• presence
  present
• organisation
  plectenchymatous [inner portions]
or    pseudoparenchymatous [outer portions]
• matrix kind
  not applicable
• hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
• cell shape
  epidermoid
• cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
• cell diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
8 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell density
  unknown
• cell contents presence-kind
  droplets, that stain in sulpho-vanillin
• cell wall thickness
  unknown
• cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
• organisation
  plectenchymatous [densely]
• matrix kind
  unknown
• hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
• hyphae vessel-like presence
  absent
• septa thickness
  unknown
• septa clamps presence
  absent
• cell pigment location-colour
  epimembranaceously yellowish
• cell diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell length
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
50 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• cell contents presence-kind
  unknown
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
• anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
• mantle thickness {apart from tip}
15 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
10 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
15 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• calyptra cell remnants presence
  present
• calyptra cell remnants type
  unknown
• mantle different layers presence
  not discernable
• unlayered mantle organization
  unknown
• unlayered mantle hyphae tangentially length
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
22 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• unlayered mantle hyphae radially diameter
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
• presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
20 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
50 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
60 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
• presence
  present
• kind
  paraepidermal
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  cylindrical
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
2 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
• structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type [irregularly lobed]
• lobes width
1 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
• intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  absent
• backwards-oriented clamps presence
  absent
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
• shape
  straight
• cell pigment location-colour
  absent
• cell contents presence-kind
  absent
• drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent


Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
• clamps presence
  absent


Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  smooth
• anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
0.3 µm    Mean (= average)
0.3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)


Anatomy of rhizomorphs

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
Anatomy of chlamydospores
• presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
• {of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
• {of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

• whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  blue, bluish
• whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  blue, bluish
• mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present [yellow-green througout]
• mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present [yellow throughout]
• mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  present [red throughout]

Chemical reactions

• reaction with acid fuchsin presence
  present [walls slightly pink]
• reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  present [walls blue]
• reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  present [droplets dissolving]
• reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
• reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
• reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
• reaction with lactic acid presence
  present [droplets dissolving]
• reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
• reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  present [walls pink, contents of mantle cells with droplets becoming black]

Ecology

• substrate
  in decaying wood
• geographic occurrence continent
  South America
• knowledge about association with foreign fruitbodies presence
  unknown

Tree

• plant family
  Fagaceae
• plant genus
  Nothofagus
• plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

• family
  Russulaceae
• fruitbodies growth habit
  epigeous
or    pileate-lamellate

DNA-Analysis

• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bands number
1     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme Alu bp of 1. band from below number
490     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bands number
3     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 1. band from below number
320     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 2. band from below number
200     Mean (= average)
• PCR- ITS1, -ITS4 restriction enzyme HinfI bp of 3. band from below number
175     Mean (= average)

Remarks

• public notes
  EcoRI: 420 bp, 310 bp; TaqI: 390 bp, 260 bp

– Item listing –