Genea verrucosa Vitt. + Quercus

– Item listing –

Literature

references
  Jakucs E, Bratek Z, Agerer R (1998) Genea verrucosa Vitt. + Quercus spec. Descr Ectomyc 3: 19-23.

Morphology

Morphology of the mycorrhizal system
length
2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
5 mm    Maximum value
ramification presence-type
  monopodial-pinnate
or    monopodial-pyramidal
tips {per 10 mm} number
  unknown
ramification orders
  unknown
abundance
  unknown
main axis diameter
0.3 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
taste {after 2-3 min chewing}
  unknown
rhizomorphs presence
  absent
exploration type
  short distance
Morphology of the unramified ends
mantle hydrophobicity presence
  unknown
shape
  straight
or    bent [slightly]
shape {of distal end}
  not inflated, cylindric
length
0.4 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1.2 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
diameter
0.2 mm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.3 mm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
colour
  brown
or    ochre, yellowish brown
very tip colour
  dark brown
older parts colour
  dark brown
mantle cortical cells visibility
  not visible
mantle {distinct} surface visibility
  present
mantle transparency
  not transparent
mantle laticifers visibility
  absent
mantle secreted latex {after scratching mantle} presence
  absent
mantle dots presence-colour
  absent
mantle carbonizing presence
  absent
mantle surface {in general} habit
  shiny
or    not smooth
mantle surface {in detail} kind
  loosely woolly
emanating hyphae presence
  present
emanating hyphae abundance
  unknown
emanating hyphae distribution
  unknown
Morphology of sclerotia
presence
  absent

Anatomy

Anatomical features of the entire mycorrhiza
emanating elements presence-type
  emanating hyphae
emanating elements cystidia location
  not applicable
crystals presence
  absent
blue granules presence
  absent
Anatomy of laticifers
presence
  absent
Anatomical features of the mantle
completeness
  complete
matrix presence
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer apart from the ectormycorrhizal tip
organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
organisation {if pseudoparenchymatous} cell shape
  angular
mantle type
  angular cells, bearing mounds of roundish cells (type K)
mound cells shape
  globose
mound cells diameter
  unknown
mound cells length
  unknown
mound cells cell wall thickness
  unknown
mound cells cell wall kind
  unknown
mound cells granular contents
  absent
hyphae arrangement
  not specific
hyphae sticky matrix on hyphal surface presence
  unknown
pores between cells presence
  present
pores between cells abundance
  unknown
septa thickness {relative to cell walls}
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously yellowish
and    membranaceously brownish
cell contents presence-kind
  colourless granula [in some cells]
cell diameter
5 µm    Minimum value
7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
12 µm    Maximum value
cell length
5 µm    Minimum value
7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
9 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
12 µm    Maximum value
cell density
8     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
10     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
cell wall with globular thickenings
  absent
cell wall surface habit
  smooth [very thick outermost cell wall]
cell wall projections presence
  absent
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent
pigment granula on surface presence
  absent
Anatomy of the middle mantle layer
organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
matrix kind
  not applicable
hyphae arrangement
  plectenchymatous, without pattern
cell shape
  polygonal
or    epidermoid
cell pigment location-colour
  epimembranaceously brownish
or    epimembranaceously yellowish
cell diameter
  unknown
cell length
  unknown
cell density
9     Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
11     Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
13     Maximum value
cell contents presence-kind
  unknown
cell wall thickness
0.5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
0.5 µm    Mean (= average)
cell wall surface habit
  smooth
Anatomy of the inner mantle layer
organisation
  plectenchymatous
or    pseudoparenchymatous [transitional type]
matrix kind
  not applicable
hyphae arrangement
  without pattern
septa thickness
  unknown
septa clamps presence
  absent
cell pigment location-colour
  epimembranaceously yellowish
cell diameter
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Maximum value
cell length
4 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
5 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Maximum value
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
Anatomy of the outer mantle layer of the ectormycorrhizal tip
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} organisation
  like other parts of mantle
anatomy mantle outer mantle layer {of ectomycorrhizal tip} hyphae diameter
  unknown [smaller and more homogeneous in size, forming a more regular pattern]
Anatomy of the mantle in longitudinal section
mantle thickness {apart from tip}
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
32 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
mantle thickness {at ectomycorrhizal tip}
20 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
25 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
28 µm    Maximum value
calyptra cell remnants presence
  present
calyptra cell remnants type
  close to root cells
mantle different layers presence
  discernable
outer mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
outer mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
  unknown
outer mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
  unknown
middle mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
middle mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
  unknown
middle mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
  unknown
inner mantle layer organisation
  pseudoparenchymatous
inner mantle layer hyphae tangentially length
  unknown
inner mantle layer hyphae radially diameter
  unknown

Anatomy of the tannin cells in longitudinal section
presence
  absent

Anatomy of the cortical cells in longitudinal section
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  radially-oval to -elliptic, oriented obliquely
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells tangentially length
7 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
12 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells radially diameter
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
52 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean tangential length CCt (ECt)
10.2 µm    Mean (= average)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section cortical (epidermal) cells mean shape-ratio CCq (ECq)
0.25     Mean (= average)

Anatomy of the Hartig net in longitudinal section
presence
  present
kind
  paraepidermal
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical (epidermal) cells shape
  roundish
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal cells around cortical cells (epidermal) thickness
3 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
4 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy mantle longitudinal section hyphal rows around cortical (epidermal) cells number
  one
structure {in plan view}
  of palmetti type
lobes width
1.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
2 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
3 µm    Maximum value
lobes septa presence
  unknown
Anatomy of the mantle in cross-section



Anatomy of the emanating elements in general
intrahyphal hyphae presence
  present
intrahyphal hyphae clamps presence
  absent
septal pores configuration
  enlarged appearance
backwards-oriented ramifications presence
  unknown
backwards-oriented clamps presence
  absent
anastomoses type
  open, with a short bridge or bridge almost lacking
anastomoses surface habit
  unknown
anastomoses cell wall thickness {relative to remaining cell walls}
  unknown
anastomoses anastomosal bridge thickness {relative to hyphae}
  unknown
anastomoses location
  not specified
Anatomy of cystidia


Anatomy of emanating hyphae
shape
  wavy
or    not striking
cell pigment location-colour
  membranaceously brownish
or    membranaceously yellowish
pigment presence-distribution
  only proximal
cell contents presence-kind
  absent
drops of exuded pigment presence
  absent

Anatomy of the ramification of emanating hyphae
presence
  present
kind
  approximately 90°
or    Y-shaped
distance {from septum}
  one or two hyphal diam. below the septum
side-branches at septum number
  one side-branch at septum
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae point of ramification thickness {relative to main part of branch}
  unknown

Anatomy of the septa of emanating hyphae
clamps presence
  absent


Anatomy of the cells of emanating hyphae
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell shape {at distal end}
  simple
or    ramified
or    inflated
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell diameter
3 µm    Minimum value
5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
7 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
10 µm    Maximum value
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell length
25 µm    Minimum value
30 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
40 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
52 µm    Maximum value
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface habit
  rough of warts
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall surface structures shape
  hemispherical warts
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness
  Maximum value
0.5 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall layers number
  unknown
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall thickness at tip {relative to remaining cell wall}
  as thick as
or    moderately thicker
anatomy emanating elements emanating hyphae cell wall {apart from tip} evenness
  unknown


Anatomy of the warts occouring on emanating hyphae
presence
  present
length
0.6 µm    Lower value of unspecified range (could be µ-s.d., but not known)
1 µm    Upper value of unspecified range (could be µ+s.d., but not known)
Anatomy of rhizomorphs
type
  lacking, only emanating hyphae present
(type G)
hyphae distinctly different diameter
  not applicable

Anatomy of hyphae in rhizomorphs
contents presence-kind
  not applicable
Anatomy of vessel-like or thickened hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  not applicable
Anatomy of central non-vessel-like hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  not applicable
Anatomy of peripheral hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  not applicable
Anatomy of solitary thick-walled hyphae in rhizomorphs
anatomy emanating elements rhizomorphs hyphae contents presence-kind
  not applicable
Anatomy of chlamydospores
presence
  absent
Anatomy of haustoria
{of ectomycorrhiza former} presence
  absent
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} presence
  unknown
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} abundance
  unknown
{in foreign ectomycorrhizae} formed in fungal genus
  unknown
{of foreign origin} presence
  absent

Autofluorescence

whole mycorrhizae UV 254 nm colour-presence
  absent
whole mycorrhizae UV 366 nm colour-presence
  absent
mantle in section UV-filter 340-380 nm presence
  present [light blue with distinct patches]
mantle in section blue-filter, 450-490 nm presence
  present [orange-yellow]
mantle in section green-filter, 530-560 nm presence
  present [red]

Chemical reactions

reaction with acetic acid presence
  unknown
reaction with acid fuchsin presence
  unknown
reaction with AgNO3 presence
  present [cell walls dark brown]
reaction with anilin presence
  unknown
reaction with brillant-cresyl-blue presence
  absent
reaction with cotton-blue-lactic-acid presence
  absent
reaction with ethanol 70% presence
  unknown
reaction with FEA presence
  unknown
reaction with FeSO4 presence
  absent
reaction with formol 40% presence
  unknown
reaction with guaiac presence
  absent
reaction with HCl presence
  unknown
reaction with KOH 10% presence
  absent
reaction with lactic acid presence
  absent
reaction with Melzer's reagent presence
  absent
reaction with methylene blue presence
  unknown
reaction with phenole presence
  absent
reaction with phenole-aniline presence
  unknown
reaction with ruthenium-red presence
  unknown
reaction with sudan III presence
  unknown
reaction with sudan IV presence
  unknown
reaction with sulpho-vanillin presence
  absent [hyphae darker brown]
reaction with sulphuric acid presence
  unknown
reaction with toluidin blue presence
  unknown
reaction with trypan blue presence
  unknown
reaction with water presence
  unknown

Ecology

substrate
  unknown
geographic occurrence continent
  Europe

Tree

plant family
  Fagaceae
plant genus
  Quercus
plant habitat kind
  forests, woods

Fungus

family
  Geneaceae
fruitbodies growth habit
  hypogeous
or    gastroid

– Item listing –